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Cocoa Trade in Colonial Spanish America
Pekařová, Jana ; Binková, Simona (advisor) ; Křížová, Markéta (referee)
My dissertation is focusing on the cocoa trade in colonial Spanish America. Cocoa is undoubtedly one of the New World products which has dominated Europe. The work is divided into four chapters. The first chapter focuses on pre-Columbus period. It describes the origin of cocoa bean, its spread and its significance to the first cultivators. Considerably big part of this chapter is dedicated to the importancy of cocoa bean for the Aztecs culture.The next chapter focuses on the arrival of Spanish colonists, their first experiences with cocoa bean, the beginning of the cocoa trade and its introduction and spread to Europe. The main points of the third chapter are the main areas of cocoa production and trading in the colonial period. Each part of this chapter focuses not only on the trade in Venezuela, Ecuador and New Spain but also on other related topics. The fourth chapter briefly describes Bourbon reforms and shows their influence on different areas of production in 18th and the beginning of 19th century. All findings are summarized at the final part. Keywords: Cocoa, trade, colonial Spanish America, Colonial administration, Spain, Viceroyalty of New Spain,Viceroyalty of Peru
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Latin American Emancipation in the Context of International Great Powers Policy in the Years 1815-1826
Hertel, Petr ; Skřivan, Aleš (advisor) ; Opatrný, Josef (referee)
This work, the way its name suggests it, is intent on the theme of process of achievement of the Latin American states' independence of Spain and Portugal, and on situating of this process in the context of the events of this time in further world's parts, and mainly in the context of the policies of single powers which had, or could have, some interests in the said spaces. Likewise the name itself suggests, its chief interest is intent primarily on the period of the years 1815-1826. While in Europe the Napoleonic Wars had definitively ended, and a new order here was creating, according to principles of the Vienna Congress, and under the supervision of the Holy Alliance, Spanish America had gone through first phase of her own wars of liberation, and it could seem, on the beginning, the situation here was coming anew to profit of the Spanish monarchy, recuperating from the precedent years of the French rule and the war with French intruders. However, the struggle of independence of single Hispanic-American states was continuing, like the Portuguese Brazil reached for own independence of colonial metropolis as well. In the Spanish America's case, Spain, really isolated, despite the negative attitudes of the Holy Alliance's monarchical governments towards the development in her oversea possessions, and...
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